Book-binding



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No. 462,959. Patented Nov. 10, 1891.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

0. A. SULLIVAN.

BOOK BINDING.

No. 462,959. Patented Nov. 10,1891.

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UNITED STATns PATENT FFICEQ CORNELIUS A. SULLIVAN, OF BROOKLYN, NElV YORK.

BOOK-BINDING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters'lPatent No. 462,959, dated November 10, 1891.

Application filed May 2, 1891. Serial No. 391,320. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known'that I, CORNELIUS A. SULLI- VAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Book-Binding, of which the following is a specification.

books had been made with filling-strips inter vening between the back folds of the groups of sheets and the bound back of the book. In cases where filling-strips have been introduced between the fold at the back of the sheets and the back of the book difficulty has been experienced in consequence of the glue applied to the back of the book running in between the filling-pieces and upon the sheets of the book and either causing them to stick together or marring the appearance when the book is opened. All these difficulties are overcome by my present improvements, which relate to the peculiarities of construction and combination of devices hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a cross-section, and Fig. 2 a partial perspective rear view, of the folded foundation. Fig. 3 is a perspective View, partially in section, of the folded foundation filling-pieces and sheets. Fig. i is a cross-section in larger size of one form of filling-piece; and Fig. 5 is a sect-ion showing the manner of applying the fly-sheets and cover.

The folded foundation A is preferably of muslin, to which a thin sheet of paper is pasted, which paper may be either at the inside or the outside portion of the folded foundation, and this folded foundation is thickened by strips of paper or similar material pasted upon the back surface thereof, as at 2, and such strips of paper pass across the foundation, and they are applied at places Where the sewing-threads do not come in the sewing, and these strips should be of sufficiently thick paper to compensate for the thickness of the sewing-threads in order that when the backing of the book is clamped or compressed the sewing-threads may not. be unduly pressed upon, and the entire backing will be uniform and equally compressed.

The sheets of the book are associated together in groups or sections of two, three, or more such sheets laid together and folded at the back, as shown at B.

Across the back of the book and behind the folded foundation A there are tapes or hands- 4, as usually provided in v blank or account books, and the sewin -th d 3. pas s from the inside of the fold of the sheets B through the inner folded edge of the foundation and place where the strips 2 of filling-paper do not come. Hence the back will be of uniform thickness, or nearly so, from top to bottom.

When the book is opened out, the folded foundation will separate or spread apart at the extreme back and the inner and visible surfaces of the folded foundation will not have been stained by the glue applied to the back in the final binding operations. Hence the appearance of the book will not in any manner be marred, and the groups or sections of the leaves will fold or swing at the points of attachment between such groups or sectionsof leaves and the inner edges of the folded foundation. Hence the leaves of'the book will open out fiat, or nearly so, which is a great convenience for blank and account books, and also for albums.

The folded foundation, when thickened by the strips 2 of paper, may in itself be as thick as the groups or sections of leaves to be attached to said foundation; but usually this will not be the case, and to adapt the folded foundation to the entire thickness of the book filling-strips G are to be introduced from the back, between the respective folds of the foundation, and such filling-strips may be of paper or card-board or any similar material, and usually it is advantageous to make such filling-strips two-partthat is to say, com- IOC posed of two narrow strips placed edge to edgeand by wrapping these filling-strips with muslin or similar material, as shown in .Fig. 4:, the filling-strips will be connected to- 5 get-her by the muslin and form a longitudinal hinge between the two parts. This will increase the flexibility of the folded founda tion and allow for the book opening out more easily, and with this form of filling-strips the 1o sewing-threads pass transversely through the filling-strips in order that such filling-strips may keep the parts in their proper relative positions and maintain the proper tension upon the sewing-threads.

r5 In finishing up the back of the book it is advantageous to apply the liquid glue to the back of the folded foundation in such a manner that the glue will run in between the folded foundation and'the filling-strips and around the threads, to a greater or less extent, and this can advantageously be done immediately before the clamping-pressure is applied at opposite sides of the backin rounding-up such back and completing the binding operation.

A convenienfltrinanner of connecting the filling-strips'C' to the foiiiidation is shown in FigrS, where the strips 0 are glued'otpasted f' to the foundation advantageously before the 3o foundation is folded, and these strips may be single, as seen at C, or two-part, as seen at C or folded, as seen at G 0 according to the thickness required and the convenience of the maker. Where these strips are pasted 3 5 to the surface of the folded backing, the sewing-threads pass through between the double strips, and the sewing is more easily performed than where the filling-strips have to be perforated, as in Figs. 1 and 4:.

40 The covers of heavy books are usually made of two or more thicknesses of millboard or pasteboard and the back-bands are passed in between these boards. Upon reference to Fig. 3 it will be seen that the bands 4c come between the strips 2. Hence when the foundation material is folded double, as shown in Fig. 5, and put in between the two boards E of the cover and the parts glued firmly together, the foundation between the strips is about the same thickness as it is at the strips, and uniformity of strength isobtained. The fly-leaves G are sewed to the foundation at the back fold thereof, as usual, in book-binding, and such fly-leaves may be strengthened by strips of muslin at 7, pasted to the same at the back fold, and one or more of the flylcaves are to be pasted to the inside of the cover.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination, with the folded foundation, of the cross tapes or bands at the back of such folded foundation, the sheets 0on1- posing the book grouped in sections, and the sewing-threads passing through the folds of the groups of sections, through the inner edges of the folded foundation, and around the crossing tapes or bands, substantially as set forth.

2. The folded foundation of muslin or similar material thickened at places by strips of filling material fastened to the surfaces of such folded foundation, in combination with tapes, cords, or bands passing across the back, the leaves folded and associated in groups, and the sewing-threads passing through the backs of the folded groups of leaves and through the folded foundation and around the tapes, cords, or bands of the back, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with the sheets folded and grouped in sections, of a folded foundation for the back, having strips of paper or similar material applied to such foundation transversely and where the sewing-threads do not come, tapes, cords, or hands across the back of the book, and sewing-threads passing through the groups of leaves and the folded foundation and around the tapes, cords, 01- bands at the back, substantiall-yas set forth.

4. The two parallel narrow fili'ing-strips, in combination with the groups or sections of leaves, a folded foundation thickened at the pla g Where the sewing-threads do not come, and inclosingthe filling-strips, and sewingthreads passing through the groups of sheets and through the foundation and united at the back of the book, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with the folded foundation and the sheets in groups or sections, of longitudinal filling-strips within the folded foundation, and crossing tapes, bands, or cords at the back, and sewing-threads passing through the groups or sections of sheets and through the folded foundation and the fillingstrips and around the crossing tapes or bands, substantially as set forth.

(3. The combination, with the folded sheets in groups, of a folded foundation, fillingstrips fastened to the interior of the folds of the foundation, and sewing-threads passing through the group of sheets through the folded foundation and between the filling-strips threads uniting the groups of sheets to the inner edges of the folded foundation and to the cross-bands, such foundation at its edges and the ends of the bands being united to the covers, substantially as set forth.

Signed by me this 29th day of April, 1891.

. C. A. SULLIVAN. Witnesses:

LEMUEL W. SERRELL, R. J. SULLIVAN. 

